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A coral reef is a type of reef that is formed primarily by coral polyps. Reefs, on the other hand, are underwater ridges, rock formations, or sandbanks that can be made up of coral, rock, or other materials. In summary, all coral reefs are reefs, but not all reefs are coral reefs.
The smallest coral reef in the world is likely to be a fringing reef or patch reef that covers only a few hundred square meters. These small reefs can be found in various locations worldwide and provide important habitat for marine life in shallow waters.
The scientific name for coral reef is "Anthozoa." Anthozoa is a class of marine invertebrates that includes corals, sea anemones, and some other related organisms that form the structural foundation of coral reefs.
Coral reefs are made up of many things. The coral itself produces calcium carbonate which gives structure to the reef. However there is also an algae which produces limestone at the edges of the reef to strengthen it.