Some enzyme-catalyzed reactions do not involve changes in substrates, products, or cofactors that have easily observable properties (e.g. changes in light absorbance, etc) for the measure of reaction kinetics. In such cases, additional enzymes may be included in the reaction mixture that catalyze a reaction using the product of the first enzymatic reaction as a substrate, metabolizing it to a compound that has more easily measurable properties. If this second reaction is much faster than the first, the kinetics of the overall path approximate the kinetics of the slower reaction alone. This technique can also be used to move spectral peaks of a substrate farther away from those of interfering species, such as peaks normally observed around 280 nm for proteins (due mostly to absorbances oftryptophan, tyrosine and cysteine residues)
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Enzyme coupling refers to the process where the product of one enzyme-catalyzed reaction serves as the substrate for another enzyme-catalyzed reaction. By linking these reactions together, the overall metabolic pathway can be more efficient and controlled. This allows cells to regulate the flow of biochemical reactions and optimize energy usage.
A chain in polythene can terminate by coupling through a reaction that involves the joining of two polymer chains. This coupling reaction can occur during the polymerization process or be induced post-polymerization through the use of coupling agents. Termination by coupling can lead to the formation of branched or cross-linked structures, altering the properties of the polythene material.
Aliphatic amines do not typically give coupling reactions due to their limited aromatic character, which is necessary for coupling reactions to occur effectively. Aromatic amines are more likely to undergo coupling reactions because they possess a delocalized pi system that stabilizes the intermediates formed during the coupling process.
Top coupling is a method of connecting the input and output of an RF amplifier circuit using capacitors on the top side of the circuit. It allows for direct coupling between stages without the need for additional components. Top coupling helps maintain the impedance matching and overall performance of the amplifier.
enzyme.
The type of molecule that is an enzyme is a protein molecule.