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Answers for USA, Canada and countries running a 60 Hz power supply service.There are fixed requirements about heights of main breakers and meter enclosures, but this question is enquiring about outlets and/or receptacles.

For outlets as required by the NEC (US) they must be installed anywhere from 18" from the wall in the floor to 60" high on the wall. Other outlets may also be installed but they cannot be counted as "required outlets".

Outlets must never be installed "face up" in a countertop.

Apart from that, where outlets are placed seems to be a matter of personal choice and practice.

Some electricians are of the opinion that outlets are usually installed too low yet others install them low because that is what people expect to see. (Low is typical so cords are not visible above furniture.)

Standard mounting heights vary from installer to installer. Common receptacle heights vary from 12" to 24" with 16" or 18" center to center being most common.

Switch heights are usually around 52" or 54" to center, but, to accomodate some kinds of disability access or wheelchair considerations, many people use 36" switch heights and 24" receptacle heights. There is nothing in the US NEC about it and it is not clear if there is any law about it.

Counter-top receptacles are dictated-to by the counter height, so are 43" or so center to center.

Thermostats are usually mounted at about 72", which may have something to do with an ideal position for sensing heat in a room.

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As always, if you are in doubt about what to do, the best advice anyone should give you is to call a licensed electrician to advise what work is needed.

Before you do any work yourself,

on electrical circuits, equipment or appliances,

always use a test meter to ensure the circuit is, in fact, de-energized.

IF YOU ARE NOT ALREADY SURE YOU CAN DO THIS JOB

SAFELY AND COMPETENTLY

REFER THIS WORK TO QUALIFIED PROFESSIONALS.

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