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The boiling point of water at sea level is 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees F). The boiling point depends on a substance's vapor pressure, which in turn is dependent on pressure. So, at significant altitude (reduced pressure), water's boiling point drops. Decreased pressure at altitude lowers the temperature of boiling water by about six degrees C per 1000 meters (or about two degrees F per 1000 feet). This general formula can be used to estimate the boiling point at your altitude (for areas below sea level, add instead of subtract).

For this reason, boxes of foods with boiling instructions will usually give 'high altitude cooking instructions.' The reason is that the temperature of boiling water is precisely 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and this is the temperature that the usual (sea level) directions expect. If the actual cooking temperature at your location, say at the top of a mountain, is only 192 degrees, then your food will need to cook significantly longer, if cooked 20 degrees cooler.

This is also where the concept of the pressure cooker arose; cooks found that they could cook food hotter and faster using water, if the container was airtight enough to allow pressure to build.

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