Not all the electrical signalling in the nervous
system is by way of action potentials, or impulses.
Indeed it could be argued that some of the most
important, if not the most important, of the central
nervous system's communications depend upon
non-impulse signalling. These signals, which are at
least one order of magnitude and sometimes two or
more orders of magnitude, weaker than action
potentials have been termed electrotonic potentials.
They are small depolarisations of a nerve process's
membrane and are caused by the essentially passive
spread of electrical current through the conducting
fluids inside and outside nerve cells and their
processes. Nonetheless, however small electrotonic
potentials may be, they can have very considerable
effect on the physiology of neuronal membranes
and thus on the large-scale functioning of the brain.
cited from - Elements of Molecular Neurobiology 3rd ed C. U. M. Smith
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A tonic current refers to a steady baseline level of current in a neuron or cell that is present even in the absence of any synaptic input. It is important for maintaining the resting membrane potential and overall excitability of the cell.
Yes, tonic water contains carbs due to added sugars or sweeteners. It is important to check the label for specific carb content as it can vary depending on the brand.
Yes, eggs can float in tonic water due to the carbonation creating buoyancy. Carbon dioxide bubbles in tonic water can adhere to the shell of the egg, making it float.
Grapefruit is often referred to as the "tonic of nature" because it is packed with vitamins and antioxidants that help boost the immune system and promote overall health.
A tonic bond is a type of chemical bond that involves sharing of electrons between atoms, typically within a molecule. These bonds are characterized by a balanced sharing of electrons, resulting in the stability of the molecule. Tonic bonds are important for forming the structure of organic compounds.
Tonic water does not glow when mixed with green highlighter ink because the quinine in tonic water, responsible for fluorescence under UV light, is not reactive to the wavelength of light emitted by the green highlighter ink. The fluorescent properties of quinine are specific to certain wavelengths of UV light, which the green highlighter ink does not produce.