The attraction force between the -vely charged electrons and the +vely charged nucleus is responsible for holding the atom together along with several other factors.
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An atom is held together by the strong nuclear force, which overcomes the electrostatic repulsion between positively charged protons in the nucleus. This force keeps protons and neutrons together in the nucleus, while electrons are attracted to the nucleus by the electromagnetic force.
electromagnetic
electromagnetic
The atom that gains the electron becomes a negatively charged ion and the atom that loses the electron becomes a positively charged ion. The electrostatic attraction between the two oppositely charged ions forms the ionic bond that holds them together.
The residual strong force. The strong force (or color force) is what holds quarks together to form protons and neutrons. The residual strong force then holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus.
A covalent bond holds the hydrogen and chlorine atoms together in a molecule of hydrochloric acid (HCl). This type of bond involves a sharing of electrons between the atoms.