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The farthest point of the sun from the equator is known as the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere.
Antarctica is the farthest continent from the Equator. It is situated mostly within the Antarctic Circle, which is located at a latitude of approximately 66.5 degrees south.
Lines of longitude are farthest apart at the equator and closest together at the poles. This is because the lines of longitude converge at the poles and spread apart at the equator due to the Earth's shape being an oblate spheroid.
Alaska.
The sun is farthest north of the Equator during the summer solstice, which occurs around June 21st each year, and farthest south during the winter solstice around December 21st.