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The energy change that occurs when an electron is added to a gaseous atom is called the electron affinitybecause it measures the attraction, or affinity, of the atom for the added electron.
The ionization energy measures the energy changes associated with removing electrons from an atom to form positively charged ions.
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EzraThe energy change that occurs when an electron is added to an atom is known as electron affinity. It represents the energy released or absorbed when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negative ion. This process can either release energy (exothermic) or require energy input (endothermic) depending on the element and its electronic configuration.
If you add heat energy to a substance, the energy of its particles increases. This can result:* In the particles moving faster (their kinetic energy increases), or
* In a change of phase - for example, from solid to liquid. In this case, the POTENTIAL energy of the particles increases.
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What energy changes when a neutral atom gains an electron?
When an electron is acquired by a neutral atom, the energy change is called electron affinity. Neutral atoms with an s2p6 electron configuration in the highest energy level are best classified as gases.
What is the relationship between the ionization energy of a mono anion such as Cl and the electron affinity of the neutral atom?
The ionization energy of a monoanion (e.g., Cl^-) is the energy required to remove an electron from the monoanion to form a neutral atom. The electron affinity of the neutral atom (e.g., Cl) is the energy released when an electron is added to form a negative ion (e.g., Cl^-). In general, the ionization energy and electron affinity are related as they both involve the interaction of electrons with atoms, but they are opposite processes in terms of energy change.
In many-electron atoms which quantum numbers specify the energy of an electron?
the quantum number n determines the energy of an electron in a hyrdogen atom.
What is the difference between excited hydrogen atom and any other atom?
An excited hydrogen atom has absorbed energy, causing an electron to jump to a higher energy level. This is temporary and the electron will eventually return to its original state, releasing the absorbed energy as light. Other atoms can also become excited in a similar way, but the energy levels and behavior of electrons vary depending on the element.
What do atoms of group 17 elments give off when they gain electrons?
Atoms of group 17 elements (halogens) give off energy in the form of light when they gain electrons. This process is known as electron capture, which releases energy as the electron moves to a lower energy level.
