The Periodic Table
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They are called periods because after each period in the following period elements are ordered according to their properties at the intersection with vertical columns (groups) and these properties are periodically reproduced.
The horizontal rows are periods on periodic table. There are 7 horizontal rows in modern periodic table.
Actually, the horizontal rows in a periodic table are called periods, not groups. Groups are the vertical columns that share similar chemical properties.
Elements are classified on the periodic table based on their atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Elements in the same column, known as groups, have similar chemical properties due to their electron configuration. Elements are also arranged in rows, known as periods, based on their increasing atomic number.
Group