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There aren't really any many types of drugs per se..... however, one could classify drugs as 'recreational' eg. those that people take for fun, such as alcohol, cocaine, etc and 'medicinal' drugs eg morphine and other pain killers.
You could also classify drugs purely by the way that interact with the synapse. If they speed up the reactions, they are known as 'stimulants'. If they slow down the reaction at the synapse, they are known as 'depressants'. If they completely change the reactions, they are known as hallucinogenics.
The three main types of drugs are stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens. Stimulants, such as caffeine and cocaine, increase alertness and elevate mood. Depressants, like alcohol and opioids, slow down brain activity and induce relaxation. Hallucinogens, including LSD and psilocybin mushrooms, alter perception and can cause hallucinations.
There are many different types of drugs but the four routes drugs enter the body are Inhalation, Injection, Absorption, and Ingestion.
These four ways can be broken down further as to how they are injected, absorbed etc... but all things essentially enter our blood stream in one of the four ways.
~J
If you mean what are the types of drugs most commonly abused or misused:
Opiates (morphine, heroin, codeine, etc.)
Stimulants (amphetamines i.e. "meth", ecstacy, Ritalin (TM), Adderall (TM), Dexedrine (TM))
Benzodiazepines (i.e. Clonazepam, Attivan (TM), Valium (TM)... the chemical name of the drug usually ends in "pam" or "zepam")
Barbiturates (Fiorinal (TM), Fioricet (TM), Luminal (TM)... the chemical name usually ends in "barbital", "-lal" or "-tal")
Hallucinogens (LSD ("acid"), mushrooms (psylocybin or psylocin), salvia, peyote)
Marijuana doesn't fit neatly into any category, except maybe a hallucinogen, they just call it a "psychoactive drug", but all of the above can be considered that as well.
Other types of drugs exist that can be abused, but these are the most common.
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