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Adonitol fermentation test results for Klebsiella pneumoniae would typically show a positive result, meaning the organism is able to ferment adonitol and produce acid. This can be observed by a color change in the growth medium from red to yellow.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is typically citrate negative, meaning it does not utilize citrate as a carbon source in the citrate utilization test. This bacterium lacks the enzyme citrate permease needed for citrate utilization.
Klebsiella pneumoniae typically produces an alkaline/acid reaction (red/yellow) with no gas or hydrogen sulfide production in the Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) test. It shows an A/A reaction on the slant with a K/K reaction in the butt, indicating glucose fermentation with no lactose or sucrose fermentation.
Various tests can help identify Klebsiella pneumoniae, such as Gram staining, culture growth on specific media like MacConkey agar, biochemical tests like the urease test, and molecular methods like PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility testing is also crucial due to increasing antibiotic resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Additionally, molecular typing techniques like pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) can help track outbreaks in healthcare settings.
Biochemical tests such as indole test and citrate utilization can help differentiate between Klebsiella pneumoniae and Citrobacter freundii. Klebsiella pneumoniae is indole negative and citrate positive, while Citrobacter freundii is indole positive and citrate negative. Additional tests like urease and motility can also aid in differentiation.
Bacteria that are positive for the urease test include Helicobacter pylori, Proteus mirabilis, and certain species of Klebsiella and Staphylococcus. This test measures the ability of bacteria to hydrolyze urea, producing ammonia and increasing the pH of the medium, which changes its color.