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The differences between bacterial and algal cells is encompassed mostly by the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
I'll start by listing characteristics unique to bacteria. These prokaryotic organisms range from 0.2-2.0 micrometers in diameter. They reproduce asexually by binary fission or budding. In limited cases, bacteria can exchange genetic material through a pilus which anchors them together. This is as close to sexual reproduction that bacteria get. Their DNA is circular and often exists in many duplicated forms within the cell. The circular chromosome lies within the cytosol of a bacterial cell. Bacterial cell walls are make of peptidoglycan, a composition unique to the genus. Depending on the thickness of their cell wall, they are classified as either gram positive or gram negative species. Bacteria have appendages that are used for locomotion and attachment to environmental surfaces. These include, flagella, pili, fimbriae and components of their glycocalyces. Some bacteria have photosynthetic capabilities- like algae.
Algae are eukaryotic, phototropic organisms. Their cell walls are composed of components such as cellulose, proteins, agar, carrageenan, silicates, algin, calcium carbonate depending on the species. They also have cell membranes, like all Eukaryotes. Reproduction is sexual in multicellular organisms and follows an alternating pattern of haploid and diploid generations. Unicellular algal species reproduce asexually by fragmentation. In this process, each new fragment becomes a gamete and develops into an entire entity. They have membrane bound organelles within their cytoplasm including photosynthetic pigments. Algae are classified based on the type of pigments they use for photosynthesis, what their cell wall composition is and what by product they create in photosynthesis.
This list includes some of the most general differences between these two cell types. Of course, there are entire books dedicated to each of these cell types, their metabolisms, morphology & more...
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What are three similarities between algae and angiosperm?
Both have chlorophyll, cell walls, roots or holdfasts, vascular tissues
Is spirochaete bacteria or algae?
Spirochaete is a type of bacteria, not algae. Algae are simple plants that perform photosynthesis, while spirochaetes are a diverse group of spiral-shaped bacteria that can be pathogenic or free-living in various environments.
What is the role of algae bacteria symbiosis in oxidation pond?
In oxidation ponds, algae and bacteria work together in a symbiotic relationship where algae produce oxygen through photosynthesis and bacteria break down organic matter. This collaboration helps in the treatment of wastewater by removing nutrients and organic pollutants from the water while promoting aeration and reducing the biochemical oxygen demand. Overall, the algae bacteria symbiosis plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecosystem balance and improving water quality in oxidation ponds.
Is algae bigger then bacteria?
Yes, algae are generally larger in size than bacteria. Algae are eukaryotic organisms that can range in size from microscopic single-celled forms to large multicellular seaweeds, whereas bacteria are typically much smaller, ranging from about 0.2 to 10 micrometers in size.
Spyrogyra is algae and bacteria or protozoan?
Spyrogyra is a type of filamentous green algae. It is not a bacterium or a protozoan.
