the oxidation states are always 0 for both atoms
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Neon is not a diatomic gas. It exists as individual atoms rather than forming molecules with two atoms bonded together.
Oxygen gas is composed of diatomic O2 molecules. From the Periodic Table, the atomic weight indicates that the molar mass of oxygen atoms is 16.0g/mole. The diatomic molecule O2 has twice the molar mass as oxygen atoms, and its molar mass is 32g/mole.
Yes, diatomic refers to a molecule comprising of two atoms. Thus nitrogen gas (N2), oxygen gas (O2) and hydrogen gas (H2) are all diatomic. These compounds can also be made up of different elements. Acid-base chemistry aside, hydroflouric acid (HF) and hydrochloride acid (HCl) are also diatomic
A monatomic gas has no contribution from vibration to its specific heat. A diatomic gas has both vibration of the two atoms as the stretch and compress the bond between them and can rotate faster or slower. With more ways to store energy than just translational energy, diatomic gases tend to have higher heat capacities.
An example of a molecule consisting of two atoms is hydrogen gas (H2), which consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded together.