What are the mayor differences between alpha particles and gamma radiation?

Answer 1

Alpha particle is the nucleus of helium atom. That is doubly ionized one. Hence alpha particle is massive and so its velocity is comparatively low. As it is massive it has good ionization power but penetration would become difficult. Isn't?

Because it is helium nucleus, it has two positive charges. So can be deflected by electric and magnetic field.

But gamma radiation is photons whose rest mass is zero. It is charge less. So cannot be deflected by electric and magnetic field. Its velocity is the highest in the universe ie the velocity of light. It has good penetrating power but least ionizing power.

Answer 2

Alpha particles are heavy, positively charged particles consisting of two protons and two neutrons, while gamma radiation is a high-energy electromagnetic wave. Alpha particles are stopped by a piece of paper or clothing and are less penetrating, while gamma radiation can penetrate deeply into materials and requires thick shielding like lead or concrete to block it. Alpha particles are more ionizing and pose a greater internal hazard if ingested or inhaled, while gamma radiation is primarily an external hazard.