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The renal system lies in the upper area of the abdomen; the renal system consists of the pair of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.

The main function of the renal system is to get rid of waste that is found in the urine. The amino acids that are not immediately required are broken down in the liver to make urea, this urea is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys for elimination of waste.

The functions of the renal system, which are performed by the kidneys, are to regulate and maintain the balance of electrolytes and the pH of the fluid that has been processed.

The electrolyte balance is maintained by regulating the amount of the fluid. Fluid passing through the kidneys is monitored and the correct concentrations of ions such as hydrogen, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, sulphate, and phosphate are ensured.

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