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Ross- Magnetic striping: alternating patterns of magnetic polarity on the ocean floor.
- Age of the oceanic crust: younger rocks near the mid-ocean ridges and older rocks farther away.
- Mid-ocean ridges: underwater mountain ranges with high heat flow and seismic activity, where new crust is formed.
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What supported Wagner's theory of continental drift?
Several evidences were given as proof to the theory of continental drift, they include; 1. Climatic evidence (Paleoclimatic Reconstruction). 2. Fossil evidence (Paleontological proof). 3. Continental fit. (Continental margin shapes). 4. Lithological and Stratigrapical similarities of adjacent continental masses. 5. Seafloor spreading. 6. Glacial till. 7. Plate tectonics.
Explain the relationship between trenches and seafloor spreading?
Trenches are deep underwater canyons at subduction zones where one tectonic plate is being forced beneath another. Seafloor spreading occurs at mid-ocean ridges where tectonic plates are moving apart, creating new oceanic crust. Trenches and seafloor spreading are both part of the process of plate tectonics, where the Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that interact with each other.
How can you prove tectonic plates?
Tectonic plates can be proven through various lines of evidence, such as the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes along plate boundaries, the pattern of magnetic stripes on the ocean floor, and the movement of continents over time through processes like seafloor spreading and subduction. Additionally, seismic data, GPS measurements, and paleomagnetic studies provide further support for the existence and movement of tectonic plates.
What made the scientists believe that the sea floor is spreading?
Scientists observed that rocks near mid-ocean ridges were younger than those farther away, suggesting new material was being created. Additionally, they found matching magnetic striping on either side of ridges, indicating symmetrical patterns of magnetic reversals and supporting the idea of seafloor spreading. Further evidence came from the discovery of underwater mountain chains and the measurement of spreading rates using sonar technology.
How much do the Galapagos Islands move each year?
The Galapagos Islands move about 2-3 centimeters per year due to tectonic plate movement. This geological process is known as seafloor spreading, where the Nazca Plate is moving eastward and causing the islands to shift over time.
