In the same as you can't predict earthquakes and volcanoes, you can't predict tsunamis, though a seisomograph would indicate the possibility of nearby tsunami.
Maybe the only real solution is to build on higher land.
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The main cause of death is not the tsunami itself but the buildings that get damaged in the tsunami...ie a bridge or building that falls. The main cause is the water drowning people and building being destroyed. The building may contain people inside it or could crush some people when it falls.
dick
Wind typically does not directly cause tsunamis, as they are mainly generated by undersea earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or underwater landslides. However, strong winds can alter the surface of the ocean, influencing the propagation and behavior of tsunami waves as they travel across the water. Wind can cause some distortion in the tsunami wave, but it is usually minor compared to the influence of the initial source of the tsunami.
If a volcano blows apart a a large piece slides into the sea a large wave (tsunami) will be created. When Cumbre Vieja in La Palma eventually collapses into the Atlantic it could generate a 2000 feet high wave rushing across the Atlantic at 500 mph.
The last Tsunami in Washington was on March 10, 2011. The tsunami originated of the coast of Japan. While there was not much coastal flooding, some boats and docks were damaged.