There are three basic categories of meteorites. The easiest ones to recognize were the iron or nickel-iron meteorites; most of the others look pretty much like rocks, but before people knew how to smelt iron, nickel-iron meteorites really stood out.
Another type is the stony meteorites, subdivided into chondrites and achondrites... as you might guess from the name, they're made of rock. The chondrites contain small round particles called chondrules, the achondrites don't.
Finally, there are the stony-iron meteorites, which are partly rock and partly metal.
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A meteorite that originates from Mars.
A meteorite that contains a significant amount of iron.
A meteorite! hey here is a joke! if a meteor that hits is a meteorite what do you call one that misses? a meteorworong!
You can get a meteorite analyzed by contacting a professional meteorite researcher or a university geology department with expertise in meteoritics. They can assist in determining the authenticity, type, and composition of the meteorite.
A meteorite that has landed on Earth is called a "fall."