Limestone is formed in layers called Bedding Planes and the vertical cracks are called Joints. The horizontal cracks are not given a specific name - however I am sure someone will want to contradict this
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Horizontal cracks in limestone are typically referred to as bedding planes. These planes form when layers of sedimentary rock, such as limestone, settle over time and can provide weaknesses in the rock that may lead to erosion.
Cracks in limestone can widen due to a combination of factors, such as physical weathering from water freezing and thawing, chemical weathering from acidic rainwater, and biological weathering from roots growing and expanding within the cracks. Over time, this continuous process of erosion can cause the cracks to widen significantly.
limestone is a permeable rock that allows water to flow through its cracks and pores. As water moves through limestone, it can dissolve the rock, creating caves, sinkholes, and underground rivers. This process is known as karstification.
Water in the spaces of limestone can cause physical weathering through a process called freeze-thaw. When water seeps into the cracks and pores of the limestone, it freezes and expands upon freezing, exerting pressure on the surrounding rock. This expansion and contraction cycle weakens the limestone, causing it to crack and break apart over time.
Recrystallized limestone is generally called marble. Recrystallized quartz sandstone is generally called quartzite. There is no such thing as quartz limestone.
Clints are the raised blocks or sections of limestone pavement that are surrounded by grykes, which are the deep fissures or cracks in the pavement. They are formed by the natural processes of weathering and erosion over time, creating a characteristic pattern of blocks and gaps in limestone landscapes.