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Pigment I & II systems of cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation.
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What is the function of the thylakoids in a chloroplast?
Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts where photosynthesis takes place. They contain chlorophyll and other pigments that capture light energy to drive the reactions of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy. They also house the protein complexes involved in the electron transport chain that generates ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle.
What are fadh2 and nadh classified as?
FADH2 and NADH are classified as electron carriers in cellular respiration. They play a key role in transferring electrons to the electron transport chain, where the energy from these electrons is used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
In eukaryotes the electron transport chain is composed of a series of electron carriers located in the what of the mitochondrion?
The electron carriers are located in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. In the prokaryotes, the electron transport chain is located in the cell membrane.
What is the role of molecules such as nadh nadh and fadh in metabolic?
NADH and FADH2 act as electron carriers in metabolic pathways, transferring electrons to the electron transport chain to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. These molecules play a crucial role in the production of energy in the form of ATP during cellular respiration.
What causes the electrons to become excited and move into the electron transport chain?
Electrons become excited in the electron transport chain due to the energy input from electron carrier molecules like NADH and FADH2. These electron carriers donate the electrons to the proteins in the chain, creating a flow of electrons that drives the production of ATP.
What are two high energy electron carriers used in cellular respiration that are not used in photosynthesis?
Two examples of high energy electron carriers used in cellular respiration but not in photosynthesis are NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide). These carriers donate electrons to the electron transport chain in cellular respiration to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Why are Electron carriers important in photosynthesis?
Electron carriers, such as NADP+ and ferredoxin, play a crucial role in photosynthesis by shuttling high-energy electrons during the light-dependent reactions. These carriers help to transfer electrons from water to generate ATP and NADPH, which are essential for the Calvin cycle to produce sugars. Overall, electron carriers facilitate the conversion of light energy into chemical energy that is used to drive the synthesis of organic molecules in plants.
Electrons are brought to the electron transport by what high energy electron carriers?
Electrons are brought to the electron transport chain by high-energy electron carriers such as NADH and FADH2. These carriers donate electrons to the chain, which is then used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What is the function of the thylakoids in a chloroplast?
Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts where photosynthesis takes place. They contain chlorophyll and other pigments that capture light energy to drive the reactions of photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy. They also house the protein complexes involved in the electron transport chain that generates ATP and NADPH for the Calvin cycle.
Which term refers to the collections of electron carriers that are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in the thylakoid membrane?
The term that refers to the collections of electron carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane and thylakoid membrane is the electron transport chain. This chain plays a crucial role in generating ATP through oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria and in photosynthesis in the chloroplasts.
What do the NADP molecules do during photosynthesis?
NADP molecules act as electron carriers in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. They accept electrons and protons from water molecules that are split during photosynthesis, and transport these to the Calvin cycle where they are used to reduce carbon dioxide to produce sugars.
What electron move high energy between photosystems?
The electrons that move between photosystems in photosynthesis are energized by sunlight and carried by electron carrier molecules such as plastocyanin and ferredoxin. These high-energy electrons are transferred through a series of redox reactions in the electron transport chain to generate ATP and NADPH for the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
How does water relate to photosynthesis?
Water is a reactant or an "imput" to photosynthesis. It's used to as a electron donor.
What are fadh2 and nadh classified as?
FADH2 and NADH are classified as electron carriers in cellular respiration. They play a key role in transferring electrons to the electron transport chain, where the energy from these electrons is used to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What occurs in a series of electron carriers?
The Electron Transport Chain
Why are electron carriers needed for transporting electrons from one part of the chloroplast to another?
Electron carriers are needed because they play a crucial role in facilitating the movement of electrons during photosynthesis. They help transport electrons from one part of the chloroplast to another, allowing for the efficient production of ATP and NADPH, which are essential for the light-dependent reactions. Without electron carriers, the electron transport chain would be disrupted, leading to a decrease in the overall efficiency of photosynthesis.
What is produced using the energy from photons hitting photosystemII?
The energy from photons hitting photosystem II is used to split water molecules into oxygen, protons, and electrons. This process, known as photolysis, releases oxygen as a byproduct and generates electron carriers that are used in the electron transport chain to produce ATP and NADPH for the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.
