The arch like eruptions from sunspots are called solar prominence.
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No. The large arch-like eruptions your thinking of are called solar flares. Eclipses are alignments of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. Sunspots are also different. Sunspots are areas on the Sun that are of a different colors that do cause magnetic interruptions of cell phone use, Internet, etc... Solar flares (Arch-like eruptions) cause changes in temperature and usually bring extreme heats.
no
The exit of volcanic eruptions is called a vent. This is the opening through which volcanic material such as lava, ash, and gases are released from the Earth's interior to the surface.
There is a solar phenomenon believed to be affected by an increase in sunspots. Most solar flares are believed to be linked to an increase in sunspots.
Sunspots are parts of the Sun that are about 1200 degrees centigrade cooler than the surroundings.