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No, comets and meteors are not considered to be small planets. Comets are simply considered to be comets, and meteors are simply considered to be meteors. (Meteors are asteroids that have entered the atmosphere.)
No. They do not have enough gravity to hold on to the gasses.
Many comets and many asteroids are named, though not all, particulary not all asteroids. As for meteors, as they happen in an instant when a piece of ice, dust, dirt or rock enters the Earth's atmosphere and burns up and then they are gone, they are not named.
Because they do not have volatiles in them to form a coma as to comets.
Comets
Superstitions about asteroids, comets, and meteors have absolutely no scientific basis whatsoever.
The universe
your gayhigo away
No, comets and meteors are not considered to be small planets. Comets are simply considered to be comets, and meteors are simply considered to be meteors. (Meteors are asteroids that have entered the atmosphere.)
No. They are in space.
No. They do not have enough gravity to hold on to the gasses.
Many comets and many asteroids are named, though not all, particulary not all asteroids. As for meteors, as they happen in an instant when a piece of ice, dust, dirt or rock enters the Earth's atmosphere and burns up and then they are gone, they are not named.
Because they do not have volatiles in them to form a coma as to comets.
Meteors, asteroids, and comets are all objects in space. Meteors are shooting stars that enter Earth's atmosphere, asteroids are rocky objects that orbit the Sun mostly in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and comets are icy objects that orbit the Sun in more elongated paths. While they all originate from space, their composition and behavior can vary significantly.
Some comets are made of ice and dust.
Actions we could take to promote a more scientific understanding of comets, asteroids, and meteors would start with education. Educate more in schools, colleges, television, and movies.