There is no single enzyme responsible for DNA duplication. But the most important ones are:
Helicase: it unwinds the DNA helix
RNA polymerase: adds the RNA primer
DNA polymerase: adds the complementary strand of DNA
Ligase: attaches the DNA fragments together
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The enzyme that copies DNA is called DNA polymerase. It catalyzes the synthesis of new DNA strands using the existing DNA as a template.
mRNA takes a massage from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm to be translated.
The enzyme DNA polymerase is what facilitates the replication of DNA, however there are multiple enzymes that aid the process of DNA replication such as helicase, ligase, and exonuclease.
During DNA replication, hydrogen bonds between base pairs are broken by an enzyme called DNA helicase. This enzyme unwinds the double helix structure of DNA, separating the two strands. This allows for new complementary nucleotides to be added during the replication process.
Enzymes called helicases are responsible for separating the two DNA strands during DNA replication. Helicases unwind the double helix structure by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs, allowing the DNA polymerase enzyme to access and copy each strand.
The enzyme needed to make a DNA copy of RNA (including mRNA) is called reverse transcriptase. This enzyme is capable of synthesizing a complementary DNA strand from an RNA template, which is the first step in generating a cDNA (complementary DNA) library.
mRNA copies the information.Process is called transcription.
During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase opens the DNA double helix to expose a segment of the DNA that will be transcribed into RNA.