In an analog induction type wattmeter the pressure coil is connected accross the voltage source.It is intentionally made to have a larger number of turns than the current coil so that it's impedence increases and it draws minimum current from the circuit; causing lesser error in the reading.
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The pressure coil in a watt meter is designed with more turns than the current coil to ensure that it has a higher resistance and can handle the higher voltage generated by the circuit being measured. This allows the pressure coil to accurately measure the power consumed or generated by the circuit.
A simple method for altering the magnetic flux would be to change the amount of current flowing in the coil or circuit. Generally speaking, more current, more magnetic flux, and vice versa.
A volt-ampere meter. You can read current in two basic ways. The harder but more accurate way is to break the line where you are measuring current and basically insert the meter into the line so all current flows through the meter. The other type is a "clamp on" meter where the meter has something like a claw that you open and encircle the wire you want to measure. You determine the current by induction. The current flowing through the wire induces a smaller current in a loop created by the clamp on device. You can only measure current in one wire at a time. For example, you couldn't just clamp over a lamp cord and read a correct current because you are encircling two wires and the current going in each direction cancel each other out.
I'm having a lot of trouble seeing the picture that goes along with this question in the book, so I'll have to take a wild guess based on no information. My guess is that electromagnet 'b' has more current flowing in its wire coil than electromagnet 'a' has. Another possibility is that the current through both coils is the same, but the coil of electromagnet 'b' is wound with more turns of wire than the coil of electromagnet 'a' is. It's just a guess. To be sure, I really need to see that picture.
A simple generator uses electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. It consists of a coil of wire that rotates within a magnetic field, causing electrons to move and generate an electric current. As the coil spins, it cuts through magnetic lines of force, inducing a voltage in the wire and generating electricity.
Use a more precise meter for measuring resistivity of the samples.