The exact number is not known. But it does seem that most stars have at least one planet, and probably several planets, at least on average. Not even the number of stars in the immediate neighborhood can be known for sure, since red dwarves are quite hard to detect.
Here is an estimate. The Wikipedia article on "List of nearest stars" lists 56 hydrogen-fusing stars at a distance up to 5 parsec, or 16.3 light-years. Assuming the density of stars is more or less constant at distance up to 100 light-years, that would mean that for a volume 231 times larger (up to 100 light-years), there would be about 12,930 stars. Assuming that each of them has 1-10 planets on average, and doing some rounding, that would mean there are between 13,000 and 130,000 planets at that distance. Please note that despite the fairly large range, there is still a lot of guesswork involved.
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All of them in our solar system, plus all others within a distance of about 100 to 120 light years from us.
Exoplanets are planets that orbit a star outside of our solar system, while other planets refer to those within our solar system, such as Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Exoplanets are located in other star systems, light-years away from Earth, and have different characteristics compared to the planets within our solar system.
Because planets are rather small on astronomical scales - or at least, when compared to stars, and not luminous like stars, it is very hard to see them at great distances. NASA's Kepler spacecraft, which was launched to detect planets within habitable zones of stars, detected in 2011 a couple planets orbiting a star roughly 1000 light years distance. The planets, designated Kepler 20e and 20f, are part of an unusual solar system, and are roughly Earth-sized and 'rocky' but orbiting their host star within the distance of Mercury to our Sun, which would make them too hot for life.
No two planets within our solar system have the same exact size. However, Earth and Venus are quite close - their diameters differ by only 652km.
The distance between Earth and Kepler-442b (an exoplanet in the Kepler-442 star system) is approximately 1,120 light-years. It is important to note that the distance can vary as planets orbit stars and stars move within the galaxy.