It is the Saturated solution of Picric Acid and is used to test the presence of alkaloids. Alkaloids give yellow ppt. with Hager's reagent.
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To prepare Hager's reagent, mix equal volumes of 0.1 M silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution and 0.1 M ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) solution in a clean glass container. This mixture will form a reddish-brown precipitate, indicating the formation of Hager's reagent.
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To prepare Tollens reagent, mix aqueous silver nitrate with ammonia solution until a precipitate forms. Then add sodium hydroxide solution to redissolve the precipitate and form the final reagent. It is used to test for the presence of aldehydes in a reaction.
To prepare Nessler's reagent, dissolve 7g of mercuric iodide and 35g of potassium iodide in distilled water, and then add 100g of potassium hydroxide pellets. Once the solution is clear, dilute it with water to make 1 liter of Nessler's reagent. This reagent is commonly used for detecting ammonia in solutions.
To prepare Seliwanoff's reagent, dissolve resorcinol in concentrated hydrochloric acid, then add a small amount of acetaldehyde. Mix well and dilute with water if needed. This reagent is used for differentiating between aldose and ketose sugars based on the color developed upon heating.
To prepare Kedde's reagent, mix equal volumes of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 5% potassium dichromate solution. The reagent is used to test for the presence of fatty acids in a substance, where a positive test results in the formation of a layer of orange crystals.