he crossed two pure lines
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Because it's used to show up in only The F2 generation
Mendel's F1 generation plants showed only one of the two traits present in the parental generation. This indicated that the trait expressed in the F1 generation was dominant, while the other trait was recessive.
Mendel used all tall plants in his F1 experiment because he wanted to study a trait that exhibited a clear dominant-recessive pattern. By using only tall plants, he could ensure that the first generation (F1) would all be tall, simplifying the observation of the inheritance pattern.
Mendels' f2 generation produce a 3:1 ratio of tall plants. By crossing true tall with true short , homologous chromosomes, he wound up with three types of plants, true tall, true short, and tall with a short allele.
Mendel referred to the characteristic expressed in the hybrid F1 generation as the dominant trait. This trait masks the expression of the recessive allele in the heterozygous individual.