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Bacterial endospores can be used as indicators of sterilization efficiency because of their ability to enable bacteria to lie dormant for extended periods. If they are present then the sterilization is not efficient to kill them and thus the bacteria.

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Bacterial endospores are highly resistant to heat and chemicals, making them a good indicator for sterilization efficiency. By exposing test samples containing endospores to the sterilization process, the survival or destruction of the endospores can indicate whether the process was effective in killing all microbial life, including more fragile organisms. If endospores survive, it suggests that the sterilization process was not completely effective.

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