An unconditioned response is a response that is natural and occurs without behavioral conditioning.
Examples would be:
Someone jumping when they are startled
A dog salivating when it is receiving food or a treat
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Salivating when smelling food, blinking when a puff of air is blown into the eye, and feeling scared when hearing a loud noise are all examples of unconditioned responses. These behaviors are automatic and do not require learning.
If a conditioned stimulus is repeated without being paired with an unconditioned stimulus, the association between the two stimuli can weaken or disappear, a process called extinction. This can lead to the conditioned response fading away, as the conditioned stimulus is no longer seen as predictive of the unconditioned stimulus.
A stimulus which naturally elicits a response is called an unconditioned stimulus. This type of stimulus triggers a reflexive or innate response without prior learning.
Neutral stimulus is the same as a conditioned stimulus before it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus in classical conditioning. It is a stimulus that does not elicit a response initially, but can become a conditioned stimulus through association with an unconditioned stimulus.
The main aim of Pavlov's dog experiment was to study classical conditioning, a type of learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a reflexive response through repeated pairings. Pavlov demonstrated this by pairing a bell (neutral stimulus) with food (unconditioned stimulus), leading to the dog salivating (unconditioned response). Over time, the bell alone caused the dog to salivate, showing a learned response.
Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, is known for discovering classical conditioning, in which a neutral stimulus paired with an unconditioned stimulus leads to a conditioned response. This concept demonstrates how stimuli can come to evoke responses through repeated pairings.