The determination of which costs are born by the consumer of manufacturer often depends on the position of the company. If they are trying to increase sales by undercutting the competition they will often bear more of the cost. However, eventually all costs will have to be borne by the consumer in order for the company to stay in business.
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The Consumer Credit Protection Act of 1968 assures that every consumer with a need for credit is given meaningful information with respect to the cost of that credit.
I recall it being 3.98
Producers do the same thing, though there are some important differences. For one thing, businesses consider benefits and costs just as a consumer does, but only the monetary costs and benefits are relevant to their calculations. Consumers often take into account non-monetary things when doing cost-benefit analysis.
I think only a company that owns a plant being de-commissioned could answer this.
A car with substantial defects that have been unable to be fixed is classified as a "lemon". The federal government and many states have "lemon laws" that give consumers the right to insist the manufacturer replace a lemon with a non-defective vehicle or refund the cost.