A time signature is a pair of numbers that look like a fraction without the horizontal bar between the numbers. It tells you how long that particular bar or measure is.
Time signatures are usually regular - i.e. there is only one for a piece. This means that all the bars or measures in a piece are the same length.
The top number of a time signature tells you how many notes' worth the bar is; the bottom number tells you what type of note is being counted. A signature of 6/8, for example, tells you that each bar is worth six quavers or eighth notes.
How do you know that the number 8 means eighth notes? Simple: just think of a cake divided up into halves, then quarters, then eighths and so on. The "cake" is the longest note in common use today, the "whole note" or "semibreve" in British English usage - which obviously needs reform. The bottom number of a time signature works like the bottom number of a fraction: 1 means a whole (the whole "cake", or the "whole note"), 2 means a half (a "half note", or a minim in British), a 4 means a quarter note and so on. Size of cake slice equates to length of note: each successively larger slice is twice as "long". You should thus be able to work out how, say, 6/8 is arrived at.
Please note that one thing a time signature does not do is tell you how many beats there are in a bar. All it tells you is bar length. 6/8 and 3/4 actually add up to the same length: six eighths equal three quarters. However they're divided into two and three beats respectively. This is a matter of convention which I can't go into here. (You can illustrate the difference simply to yourself by counting "one and two and threeand" for 3/4, as opposed to "one and a two and a" for 6/8 (keep both at the same speed).
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meter
examples of ternary music
Land of the Silver Birch
b flat,b flat,F,F,G,G,F,E flat,E flat, D,D,C,C,B flat.
'Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star' is NOT by Mozart. This is a myth. He did, however, write a set of variations on the tune later used for the song. Mozart would have known the tune under its original French title 'Ah, vous derai-je, mamam'.