Here are the frequency, in Hertz, of the violin's four strings in order from lowest to highest:
G: 196 Hz
D: 293.66 Hz
A: 440 Hz
E: 659.25 Hz
The G at 196 Hz is the lowest pitch on the violin (though a very rare and unconventional technique call subharmonics allows for a player to go below that). On each string the violin can theoretically attain as high a pitch as the violinist desires, but in practical terms, a pitch two octaves and a fifth above the fundamental (the open string with no fingers laid down). It is possible to go higher on the string, but it is very rarely, if ever, used, and it is extremely difficult to produce good tone at such extremes.
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Violins don't have a specific frequency because they have a wide array of notes. Each note has its on frequency, or pitch. The A string on a Violin has a frequency of 440 hertz.
A violin can produce notes of any frequency (within a range). The frequency of the A string (to which a violin is tuned to) is 440.
On the violin the G string, which is the G under middle C, has the lowest frequency (196Hz).
discrete
Causes it to give a note of higher frequency
That is three times the fundamental frequency. Scroll down to related links and look at "Calculations of Harmonics from Fundamental Frequency".
It changes because it depends if you do it soft or hard that is why it sounds different