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The common way to group Musical Instruments is by Western orchestra that includes: strings, brass, woodwinds, and percussion. But this method does not include numerous non-orchestral instruments. The five categories that include all the musical instruments are: 1. Chordophones: In a chordophone, sound is generated by vibrating strings. The main groups can be divided based on relationship between the strings and the resonator. They are Zithers, e.g. a piano, hammered dulcimer, plucked harpsichord, Appalachian dulcimer

Lutes, e.g. guitar, banjo, violin, fiddle

Lyres, e.g. classical Greek lyre

Harps e.g. orchestral harp, Irish harp

Musical bow 2. Aerophones: The sound is generated by vibrating air inside the instrument. Aerophones are divided based on what causes the air to begin vibrating. They are: Whistles, e.g. recorders, police whistles

Blowhole, e.g. panpipes, fife

Reed, e.g. Saxophone, oboe, bagpipes, harmonica, Accordion

Cup mouthpiece, e.g. bugle, conch shell 3. Membranophones: The sound starts with vibration of a stretched membrane or skin. Membranophones are divided as per shape of the resonating body of the instrument. They are Tubular drums, goblet

Kettledrums or vessel drums -round bottoms.

Frame drums, e.g. Tamborines

Friction drums

Mirlitons, e.g. Kazoos 4. Idiophones: Sound is generated by vibration of the instrument itself. Idiophones are divided based on what is done to cause the vibrations. Percussion e.g. bells, steel drums.

Shaken idiophones, e.g. maracas, eggs, jingle bells

Concussion, e.g. castanets, spoons, claves

Friction

Scraped e.g. guiro, washboard.

Stamping

Plucked e.g. Jew's harp, mbira or thumb piano 5. Electrophones: Instruments that produce sound using electricity. E.g. Theremins, synthesizers, electric organ. source:http://www.musicroars.com/2008/12/five-general-groups-of-musical-instruments/

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