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The trumpet its self doesn't vibrate, its the vibrations of your buzz that makes the sound. As you buzz on the mouth piece, the vibrations go through the horn to the valves. When it reaches the valves, according to the ones you have pressed down, it has to take different routs to get to the bell (This along with your lips, changes the note).
The lips of the player, and then the air inside the instrument vibrate to carry the sound. The actual instrument doesn't vibrate.
When you blow into a trumpet back pressure is created and the "buzz" is actually created by your lips.
Your lips vibrate when you play a trumpet, replacing a reed as found in clarinets and saxophones.
the trumpet mouth piece is designed so that when your lips get in there and you push them tightly together and blow the top will start to vibrate and you can here yourself play a note!
Air pressure waves are caused by blowing air from the lungs through the lips which vibrate sympathetically with the airflow. These pressure waves are tuned and amplified by the trumpet.
When you play a trumpet, you buzz your lips. It creates a vibration that goes through the trumpet, and through the valves that you have pressed down (if you have pressed down any) and it comes out of the bell.
The trumpet is only a tuning and amplifier for what goes on at your lips. To make a twenty year old trumpet sound better you have to apply quality sound to it.
Vibrations cause sounds. A sound wave is the vibration of the air around whatever is "causing" the sound (aka, whatever is causing the vibration--a guitar string, vocal cords, the mechanics of a stereo, etc).
When you buzz into the mouthpiece of a trumpet, the vibrations travel through the tubing of the trumpet. The sound is amplified by the bell. When you press down a valve on the trumpet, you make the pitch lower. Sometimes trumpets sound different if the bell has a big dent or has been dropped. When this happens the sound waves that travel through the trumpet can't travel in the smooth path they would if the trumpet was taken care of.
The part of the trumpet you blow into is called a "mouthpiece"