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Radio waves, like all forms of electro magnetic radiation are affected by gravity, so the Earth's mass helps to bend the radio waves to an extent. Beyond that, radio waves can be reflected naturally by atmospheric conditions, but generally, when a radio signal needs to be transmitted a significant distance, it is done by a series of radio towers in relay.

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The condition is called 'skip'. The waves bounce off the ionisphere and back to earth way past the curvature.

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Q: How do very long radio waves reach stations beyond the curvature of the Earth?
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How do very long radio waves reach stations beyond the curvation of the earth?

Very long radio waves (extremely low frequency) follow the curvature of the earth in a ground wave.Short wave radio waves reflect off the ionosphere and "skip". This is an entirely different effect in a different frequency band. However the two effects are sometimes confused.


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