The flow of information on the data bus is bi-directional. When status pin S1 is high, it is a read from IO or memory towards the CPU; when S1 is low, it is a write. S1 is present on the 8085. On the 8086/8088 it is inverted and combined with DT and called DT/R-
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A communications bus which transfers information or data. Most busses are data busses. This can include the Front Side Bus, PCI bus, Memory Bus, and more.
The contents of the stack pointer and program counter are loaded into the address buffer and address-data buffer. These buffers are then used to drive the external address bus and address-data bus. As the memory and I/O chips are connected to these buses, the CPU can exchange desired data to the memory and I/O chips. The address-data buffer is not only connected to the external data bus but also to the internal data bus which consists of 8-bits. The address data buffer can both send and receive data from internal data bus.
A 32 bit data bus can send out 4 bytes at a time and can take in 2^32 in addressable memory
A system bus is a single computer bus which historically was used to connect all the major parts of the computer. It combined the jobs of a data bus, address bus, and a control bus. Over the last 30 years, computers have tended to use separate specialized buses instead of a system bus.
In a computer, you have a central processing unit, you have memory, you have connections, you have a monitor, and you need a way to get data from one to the other. The thing on your computer that does that job is called a bus. It takes the data in the computer memory and brings it to the CPU or monitor or printer or wherever. (I have no idea why it is called a bus and not a truck!)