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No, South Africa is not the Middle east.
The Panama Canal, which joins the Pacific Ocean on the West to the Caribbean Sea on the East.
The Middle East is split between Asia and Africa. The countries that are located in Africa are Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco.
The Sahara is located in Africa and not in the Middle East. There are no Middle East countries covered by the Sahara.
The establishment of shipping between the Middle East and North Africa was sometime between the Middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution.