Hyperbole is a rhetorical device used in order to make us emphasise with the main character, Rosaura, who makes utterances such as "it will be the most lovely party in the whole world" and "I'll die if I don't go". Children are commonly associated with this type of exaggeration, thus this enables the reader to fully connect with the character and see the course of the story 'through her eyes'. Perceiving the events of the story with the same childlike innocence of Rosaura is vital in order to understand how Rosaura's naivety and innocence is crushed by the realisation of class inequalities being imposed on her.
Metaphorical language is also used - "the problem with you, young lady, is that you like to fart higher than your ass". This type of figurative language is a more indirect way of expressing something, and Rosaura's thoughts of "she was barely nine and one of the best in her class" makes her naivety apparent to the reader as she misses the intent behind her mother's utterance which refers to Rosaura's social class. This metaphor also conveys the idea of suppression; Rosaura cannot aspire to be more than the standards already predetermined for her by her social status.
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there is a handful of personification used in this story.
"the green bushes bowed as though they had been visited by archangles."
what are the literary devices used in the poem from the emigrants
irony and point of view
assonance and alliteration
tanong mu sa lolo mong panot
It uses symbolism and irony.