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Even though Australia and New Zealand occupy the same region of the Southern Hemisphere, there are marked differences between the two.

Australia is a continent. New Zealand is made up of islands. The area of Australia is 7,617,930 square km, whilst the area of New Zealand is 268,021 square km. Therefore, New Zealand would fit into Australia 28.6 times.

New Zealand has no snakes or scorpions, unlike Australia, which has the highest proportion of poisonous animals in the world. 90% of New Zealand's insects are found nowhere else in the world, some of them unique for being huge, ground-dwelling species, such as the giant weta.

Australia's native wildlife is unique for its predominance of marsupials (pouched mammals such as kangaroos, koalas, wombats, etc), higher than that of any other country or continent. It is also home to the only two monotremes in the world, the platypus and echidna. New Zealand's native wildlife is characterised by unique endemic birds such as the kiwi, kakariki, kea, kakapo and tui, which, because the only native mammals are two bats, have taken over the ecological roles normally filled by mammals.

The rainfall over much of New Zealand is much higher than most of Australia's. There are no deserts, but in Australia, deserts account for 44% of the available land. In New Zealand there are no tropical regions, although there is a small percentage of sub-tropical zone in the far north. Australia's tropical and sub-tropical zone account for 42% of the land, but not all this land is usable. A greater proportion of New Zealand is made up of high mountain ranges; Australia has only a few small mountain ranges, and even they are of low elevation compared to that of other countries.

Both countries have a wide variety of scenic attractions, but each are unique to their own area. Australia capitalises on its wide open spaces of the outback, and its beautiful, balmy beaches up and down the coastline, together with the magnificent Great Barrier Reef. New Zealand offers spectacular snow-capped mountains and rugged mountain adventures, and caters to the serious winter sportsman.

New Zealand is characterised by intense seismic activity, seen most notably in its active volcanoes. There are no active volcanoes in Australia, and earthquakes occur very rarely.

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