How does Hammurabi refer to monotheism?

Answer 1

When Hammurabi came to power, Mesopotamia was polytheistic. His capital was Babylon, and consequently he made its god, Marduk, the chief god. Later, after his death, Babylon ruled over all of Mesopotamia and Marduk became more important in the kings' hands with the aim of keeping central power (and priest, + religion). People satrted to consider the other gods as Marduk's aspects. Soon, these gods went under Marduk's realm - politics: One ruler, one kind of religion, one god, keeping the other existing gods and their temples with priests away from the power.