During World War I, it was the British Empire that recruited troops from its colonial possession, India. Despite pre-war fears that Indians desiring independence would rebel against the British during any European conflict, India strongly supported Great Britain, with many Indians volunteering to assist in the war effort and nearly one million of them serving as soldiers.
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Living quarters for British Troops in Segowlee, India.
Locals were recruited and fought in both the first and second Boer Wars. In the second Boer War, Australia, Canada, and India also supplied troops. I am not, however, aware of any nation outside of the UK Commonwealth contributing troops to this conflict. http://www.violentdeathproject.com/
Colonies provided valuable resources and people during WWI. Colonies like the Belgian Congo gave useful materials like rubber, while other colonies like British India gave huge numbers of troops.
The British Empire consisted of more than 75 different entities during WW1 and they all contributed to the pool of manpower and/or material in some manner. Troops were drawn from tiny islands, Africa, India and all over the realm. The major suppliers were Australia, Canada and New Zealand. All fought well for King and Country.
India received its independence from the United Kingdom on the 15th of August 1947.