1: French grip - A simple bar with no special grip, moulded slightly to the shape of the hand.
2: Pistol/Orthopoedic grip - Held as you would a pistol, shaped to provide a powerful parry
3: Italian - Rarely used or produced today, shaped like the french grip, but with a bar vertically positioned to hold with middle and ring fingers to provide powerful parrying strength. 4: Garde-air (I'm not sure on the spelling) - a pistol grip shape with the pommel of a French grip. Uncommon. 5: Spanish - Similar to the Italian, but the bar protudrudes further out of the hilt (now illegal in fencing, too easy to perform a pris de fer without resistance) 6: Pommel - Looks like a tennis raquet grip, held much further down away from the guard and used in what would seem a scrappy unorthodox fashion. Used in Epee, fitting I'd say. G V Hett: "Epee is the sport of opportunism and unorthodoxy" Pommelers are non existant in foil
Orthopedic
n. (used with a sing. verb)The branch of medicine that deals with the prevention or correction of injuries or disorders of the skeletal system and associated muscles, joints, and ligaments.
The origin of the term orthopedic in reference to the grip had to do with fencer's hands becoming injured. It has nothing to do with feet.
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Yes, orthopedic refers to the branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles, while orthotic refers to a device designed to support or correct the function of a limb. Fencing grips are indeed designed for the hands to provide better control and grip on the weapon during fencing bouts, not for the feet.