You would need to research the particular property and the laws in your jurisdiction to find your answer. You would look for the original layout of the street. That type of information would be disclosed by a comprehensive title examination performed by an experienced title examiner. There is no universal rule.
The landowner may own the land up to the center line of the street and the town has taken easement rights for the public to use the street and sidewalk for all purposes of a public way. In that case, although the sidewalk is on private property the public has the right to use it for passage. In other schemes, the town records a taking in fee for the street and a strip along the street to be used for passage.
The only way to answer your question accurately would be to find the original taking that created the city's rights in your particular street.
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