What advance characteristic of sub-phylum Filicinophyta?

Answer 1

Ferns always have the following characteristics.

(1)Plant bodies are better developed than bryophytes. Differentiation is obvious. Plant bodies possess the vegetative organs, as leaves and stems. But roots are still called rhizoids.(2)In their alternation of generations, the asexual generation predominate. The plant bodies in asexual generation are called sporophytes. The sizes of sporophytes range from 40 cm to 100 cm in height.(3)Sporophytes can produce asexual spores for the production of the gametophytes. Gametophytes can be free-living and possess chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Others may be parasitic in the sporophytes. For living forms, the gametophytes are called prothallus. A thallus is thin and have several layers of cells in thickness. So, they cannot resist direct sunlight.(4)Gametophytes can produce antheridia and archegonia. Antheridia produce antherozoids, the male gametes. Archegonia produce ova, the female gametes.(5)The primitive forms produce only one type of asexual spore. After germination, this unit type of asexual spore can produce both antheridia and archegonia. So, this type of plants are called homosporous. The advance form would produce two types of asexual spores, the megaspores and microspores. Megaspores can germinate to produce female gametophytes. Microspores can germinate to produce male gametophytes. Then, they are called heterospores.

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Answer 2

One advanced characteristic of the sub-phylum Filicinophyta is the presence of well-developed vascular tissues that allow for efficient transport of water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. Another characteristic is the presence of megaphylls, which are large, flattened leaves with a complex vascular system. Additionally, Filicinophytes exhibit homosporous or heterosporous reproduction, with most species producing spores for reproduction.