What were 3 effects of the Crusades?

Answer 1

Some effects of the Crusades were:

• an increased presence of Christians in the Levant during the Middle Ages.
• a polarization of the East and West based on religious differences
• the increased role and prestige of the popes and the Catholic Church in secular affairs
• an increase in the power of the royal houses of Europe
• a stronger collective cultural identity in Europe
• an increase in xenophobia and intolerance between Christians and Muslims, and between Christians and Jews, heretics and pagans
• an increase in international trade and the exchange of ideas and technology
• the use of a religious historical precedent to justify colonialism, warfare and terrorism