It was developed out of the activities of World War I & the most important center of the movement was Paris.
'What they really needed according to the Surrealists, is not only the political revolution (from former DADA), but an all encompassing revolution of the spirit, that dares to break away from all acceptable morality and humanity in order to start again. But not by throwing all culture overboard like the expressionist artists did. The Surrealists did not condemn cultural life and intellect in general, but specifically the bourgeois culture and intellect.'
a quote of the Dutch artist Jacob Bendien, who was then living in Paris and connected with some surrealist artists there.
For more of his quotes on Surrealism, see the link.
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Surrealism originated from the Dada movement. Dadaism portrayed all things irrational through many forms of performance. Andre Breton, created the first surrealist manifesto and founded the surrealist movement. His group expanded and included some people such as Rene Magritte, Man Ray and Salvador Dali who was later kicked out because fame had gone to his head. There were also many more people included in Breton's group.
The philosophy behind surrealism was to arrive att a higher level of truth than could be achieved by realism.
Andre Breton, a French poet, founded Surrealism in 1924.
Andre Brenton found surrealism in Paris in the 1920's
surrealism APEX:0
No Fauvism is a kind of Expressionism. Fauvism started in 1905, Surrealism not until 1924.
Surrealism started some 30 years before Pop Art.