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There were a number of leaders of the Creek Indians. Among the most influencial were Alexander McGillivray and the Mad Dog of the Upper Creek towns. McGilivray was the son of Lachlan McGillivray, a British trader who lived in Savannah and Augusta, and Sehoy, a powerful woman of the Wind clan. Among the Creeks, the mother's family is most important for leadership considerations, and this gave Alexander a strong base for his rise to power. McGillivray was elected tustenuggi lako, "head warrior" following the death of Mico (Chief) Emistisigua at the Battle of Ebenezer Creek during the American Revolution. He refused to negotiate with Georgia, and maintained close ties to Spain from whom the Creeks received most of their supplies. It was McGillivray who issued "the Broken Days" in 1784 beginning the Oconee War with Georgia. McGillivray denounced every treaty the Creeks signed with Georgia, and negotiated the Treaty of New York (1790) with the United States. He was himself condemned for this treaty by many Creeks who refused to cede any land.

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13y ago

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