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Harry S. Truman was the President of the United States who accepted the responsibility for authorizing the use of the first atomic bomb on the Japanese at Hiroshima. This was a courageous decision, necessary to bring the war in Japan to an end as soon as possible. Although it cost the lives of many in Japan, it undoubtedly saved the lives of many thousands of American men.

Because of the tactics used by the Japanese, specifically their tendency to defend to the death, conventional war on the mainland of Japan would likely have resulted in the deaths of many hundreds of thousands more Japanese (both military and civilian) than were killed in the atomic blasts. As the U.S. was determined to win the war, and because the Japanese were so fiercely defending their homeland, losses on both sides would have been terrible.

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