The National Coal Board was responsible for the Aberfan disaster. Its chairman, Lord Robens, took the blame for making misleading statements. However, in 1958, the tip had been sited on a known stream (as shown on earlier Ordnance Survey maps) and had previously suffered several minor slips. Its instability was known both to colliery management and to tip workers, but very little was done about it. Merthyr Tydfil Borough Council and the National Union of Mineworkers were cleared of any wrongdoing.
The Tribunal found that repeated warnings about the dangerous condition of the tip had been ignored, and that colliery engineers at all levels had concentrated only on conditions underground. In one passage, the Report noted:
We found that many witnesses … had been oblivious of what lay before their eyes. It did not enter their consciousness. They were like moles being asked about the habits of birds
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The initial slurry slide started at approximately 09:00 It moved down hill toward the school taking out a farmhouse in its path. At 09:15 the slurry hit the school and nearby house and drove through the buildings. The slurry slide continued for several hours with rescuers continually attempting to divert as much as possible. This hindered many of the rescue attempt. However, slurry was still moving in to the main area of the disaster days later
144 people died. 116 of the victims were children, most of them between the ages of 7 and 10, 109 of them in the school. Of the 28 adults who died, 5 were teachers . In addition, 29 children and 6 adults were injured, some of them seriously.