In the "Jim Crow" (segregated) south, white people did everything they could to prevent black people from voting, even after constitutional amendments gave them that right. One common trick was a so-called "literacy test"-- it was supposed to be proof the potential voter could read and write, but only blacks were asked to take it, and it wasn't really a literacy test at all-- rather than proving a person could read, the assigned text was usually something very difficult to understand, and could thus be used to disqualify the black voter. Often the test included a reading at the PhD-level; the goal was to make sure that the vast majority of blacks (who had received an adequate but certainly not college-level education) would be unable to correctly answer questions about what they had just been asked to read.
1965
poll taxes and literacy tests
African Americans and Whites are given exactly the same literacy tests.
Poll taxes and literacy tests
To discurage african Americans from voting
Literacy tests were abolished officially in 1965.
1965
poll taxes and literacy tests
This refers to state government practices of administering tests to prospective voters purportedly to test their literacy in order to vote. In practice, these tests were intended to disenfranchise African-Americans.
literacy tests
African Americans and Whites are given exactly the same literacy tests.
They made literacy tests an easy way to prevent freed slaves from voting.
Literacy tests--APEXVS
Literacy tests
voting
What is a grandfather clause, and what was its purpose
What is a grandfather clause, and what was its purpose